Microbiology Quiz: CHAPTER 1 (The Microbial World and You)

Microbiology Quiz 1

The Microbial World and You

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Question 1

The first observations of bacteria were made by:

	Hooke.
	Needham.
	Van Leeuwenhoek.
	Pasteur.
	Einstein

Question 1 Explanation:

Bacteria were first observed by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1676, using a single-lens microscope of his own design.

Question 2

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

	fungi.
	animals.
	bacteria.
	plants.
	Helminths

Question 2 Explanation:

Bacteria are living things that are neither plants nor animals, but belong to a group all by themselves. They are very small--individually not more than one single cell.

Question 3

Which of the following scientists and their discoveries is not correctly matched?

	Jenner-vaccination
	Pasteur-pasteurization
	Lister-antibiotics
	Koch-germ theory of disease
	Ehrlich-chemotherapy

Question 3 Explanation:

Sir Alexander Fleming, a Scottish biologist, defined new horizons for modern antibiotics with his discoveries of enzyme lysozyme (1921) and the antibiotic substance penicillin (1928).

Question 4

All of the following are products produced naturally by microorganisms except which one?

	acetone
	ethyl alcohol
	butyl alcohol
	silk
	oxygen

Question 5

Which of the following statements about bacteria is not true?

	Everyone has bacteria in and on the body.
	The only good bacterium is a dead bacterium.
	Bacteria are essential to the presence of life on Earth.
	Bacteria are used to make some foods.
	Bacteria can produce antibiotics

Question 5 Explanation:

Bacteria are absolutely necessary for all life on this planet – for every known ecosystem – including the human ecosystem! Without bacteria, there would be no life, as we call life, on the earth.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Bacteria

	all are pathogenic
	most possess cell walls
	all are unicellular
	bacteria can reproduce asexually
	cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan

Question 6 Explanation:

There are thousands of species that live in soil, water, decaying organic matter, etc. that are not pathogenic.

Question 7

The germ theory of disease was proven by:

	Bassi.
	Lister.
	Pasteur.
	Koch.
	Einstein

Question 7 Explanation:

Pasteur postulated the germ theory of disease, but his attempt to prove his theory was unsuccessful. However, Robert Koch provided the proof by cultivating anthrax bacteria apart from any other type of organism.

Question 8

Microbes are not responsible for:

	synthesis of acetone and alcohol.
	antibody production.
	synthesis of vitamins.
	oxygen generation via photosynthesis.
	breaking down wastes.

Question 8 Explanation:

Antibodies are "natural" chemicals produced by the body's immune system in response to infecting micro-organisms. Do not confuse antibodies with antibiotics.

Question 9

Pasteurization is used for all of the following purposes except which?

	to remove pathogens from food
	to remove both pathogens and spoilage microbes from food
	to remove spoilage microbes from food
	to remove all microorganisms from food
	to increase shelf-life of food

Question 9 Explanation:

Unlike sterilization, pasteurization is not intended to kill all micro-organisms in the food. Instead pasteurization aims to reduce the number of viable pathogens so they are unlikely to cause disease.

Question 10

All of the following are beneficial uses of microorganisms except which one?

	producing foods and chemicals
	producing drugs
	none of the above
	recycling elements in the environment
	decomposing sewage

Question 11

Emerging infectious diseases can be due to:

	humans moving to previously uninhabited areas.
	deforestation and earthquake.
	changes or mutations in existing organisms.
	all of the above.

Question 12

Which of the following fields of study and its example are not correctly matched?

	parasitology-study of all parasites
	bacteriology-study of E. coli O157:H7
	immunology-study of vaccines
	mycology-study of athlete's foot

Question 12 Explanation:

Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them.

Question 13

Which one of the following was the most significant difference in the experiments that resulted in Pasteur's proof of biogenesis being accepted over Needham's proof?

	Microbes were never grown in the broth.
	Microbes did not grow until the broth was inoculated.
	He used chick broth instead of beef broth.
	The broth could support life.
	Air was present.

Question 14

Which of the following types of microorganisms and its example is not correctly matched?

	bacteria-prokaryotic
	helminthes-multicellular animals
	fungi-eukaryotic
	Varicella zoster
	protozoa-small animals

Question 14 Explanation:

Protozoa are a diverse group of single-cell eukaryotic organisms, many of which are motile.

Question 15

The laboratory and medical procedures employed to prevent microbial contamination are called:

	sterilization.
	aseptic techniques.
	sanitation
	Koch's postulates.
	bioremediation.

Question 15 Explanation:

Aseptic technique refers to a procedure that is performed under sterile conditions. This includes medical and laboratory techniques.

Question 16

Which one of the following is an example of bioremediation?

	use of Pseudomonas to remove uranium from soil at weapons depots
	use of Bacillus thuringiensis to kill crop-eating insects
	use of Sacccharomyces cerevisiae to make wine
	use of cowpox virus to vaccinate against smallpox

Question 16 Explanation:

"Remediate" means to solve a problem, and "bio-remediate" means to use biological organisms to solve an environmental problem such as contaminated soil or groundwater.

Question 17

In the scientific name, Escherichia coli, Escherichia is the:

	species.
	class.
	phylum.
	genus.
	family.

Question 17 Explanation:

A Genus is the hierarchal point in the scientific system for grouping related organisms together. It is the point above a species but below family.

Question 18

The cell theory states that are made up of cells.

	Plants
	All living things
	Animals
	Protozoa
	Archaea

Question 18 Explanation:

The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. He examined (under a coarse, compound microscope) very thin slices of cork and saw a multitude of tiny pores that he remarked looked like the walled compartments a monk would live in. Because of this association, Hooke called them cells, the name they still bear.

Question 19

All of the following are examples of biotechnology except which one?

	antibiotic production by bacteria
	enzyme production by bacteria and fungi
	bread-making with bacteria and fungi
	bacteria that cause disease

Question 20

Which of the following is a scientific name?

	Legionnaires' disease
	Philadelphia fever
	Legionella pneumophila
	Legionnaires' bacterium
	H1N1 virus

Question 20 Explanation:

The scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of two terms The first name (capitalized) is the genus of the organism, the second (not capitalized) is its species.

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3 Responses to Microbiology Quiz: CHAPTER 1 (The Microbial World and You)

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